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Assessment of Clinical and Radiological Outcome of Type 5 and Type 6 Proximal Tibia Fractures

Abstract

Vishal Patil*, Chiranjivi Jani, Clevio Desouza

Introduction: Proximal tibia fractures account for around 1% of fractures in adults. Proximal tibial fractures are intricate wounds created by high-or low-velocity injury, the ideal treatment of high energy tibial plateau fracture remains contentious. Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (O.R.I.F.) with a rigid implant achieves the goal of anatomic, articular congruency, and mechanical alignment restoration while allowing early remobilization.

Materials and methods: Ours was a prospective-retrospective study conducted with a sample size of 28 patients who were diagnosed with proximal tibia (Schatzker’s type 5 and 6) fracture between June 2018 and June 2020Clinical outcomes were recorded using The American Knee Society (KS)Score for post- operative knee range of motion, The Knee Society Function (KSF).

Results: The immediate post-operative and the one year follow up outcomes did not show any significant difference in the alignment of the tibia, which indicated that there was no secondary loss of reduction.

We observed no Malunion complications in coronal or sagittal or both planes, in any of the patients. However, post-operative Varus alignment was observed in two patients.

Conclusion: In the Intra articular fractures of proximal tibia, namely Schatzker’s type 5 and 6, treatment outcomes were dependent upon the fracture type, correct and precise reduction along with appropriate fixation techniques.

The outcomes were excellent when the fracture was accurately aligned, the joints were stabilized and the articular surfaces were well reduced.