Robert Wilson
During intracapsular embryonic development in the intertidal zone, embryos are subjected to a variety of environment-specific stressors, including ultraviolet radiation (UV-R) and they require defence mechanisms to mitigate its negative effects. Adults, encapsulated embryos and the egg capsule walls of the intertidal gastropod Acanthina Monodon were all examined for the presence of total carotenoids (TC) and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). To determine whether the capsule wall serves as a protective structure for encapsulated embryos, oxygen consumption rates (OCR) were measured in encapsulated and encapsulated embryos exposed to PAR and PAR + UV-A + UV-B, respectively. All encapsulated stages and adult pedal and gonad tissues contained TC, according to the findings. There was no MAAs found. The capsule wall's physical structure retained the majority of wavelengths, particularly UV-B. Compared to encapsulated embryos, the increased OCR of encapsulated embryos exposed to PAR, UV-A and UV-B radiation indicates the capsule wall's protective natured.
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