Bin Ding
The textile industry is one of the oldest and most important manufacturing sectors in the world. It employs approximately 35 million people worldwide and has contributed significantly to the expansion of numerous economies. Despite its obvious significance, the material industry is tragically one of the most deeply polluting businesses. The wet processing sector of the textile industry is responsible for desizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, and finishing of textiles. Surfactants, dyes, pigments, alkalis, salts, and water all play important roles in these processes. One third of the world's population does not have access to clean water, and industrial pollution is one of the main causes of this problem. Water is a necessity for human survival, but it is a scarce resource. A typical material plant consumes approximately 1.6 million liters of water per day, with the printing and coloring industries using 24% of this total. In the textile and dyeing industries, approximately 700,000 tonnes of dyes are used annually. Between 10 and 15 percent of those dyes are not fixed and end up in water bodies. Because the colors prevent light from entering through the water, when they are thrown into water bodies, the presence of water and the dependability of amphibian conditions are both affected. The aquatic animals that live there suffer as a result of the decreased oxygen levels in the environment. Untreated textile dye wastewater disposal has emerged as a major cause for concern in many nations due to the dangers it poses to aquatic and human life.
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