தொலைத்தொடர்பு அமைப்பு மற்றும் மேலாண்மை

Making information and telecommunications available is a permanent challenge for cities concerned with urban planning and development focused on citizens? quality of life and effective municipal management. The objective is to describe the digital city projects in Vinhedo and Pedreira. The Vinhedo project emphasized information and information systems, while the Pedreira project stressed telecommunications based on an open access metropolitan network. The research methodology consisted of action-research case studies covering city hall and local municipal departments and organizations. Both projects resulted in benefits for the municipalities involved, notably modernization of municipal management activities and telecommunications and improved access to public services as a result of the availability of information and increased internet use brought about by digital inclusion. The paper concludes by reiterating the importance of collectively implemented projects when it is accepted that they are instruments that can contribute to municipal management, the implementation of projects for strategic digital cities, decisions taken by public managers and citizens? quality of life.

The arrival of the mobile telecommunications service industry and its rapid and widespread growth is the most significant developments in the fields of communication. The aim of this study is to propose a decision-making structure to determine the appropriate Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) operator. There are varieties of driving factors involved in choosing the most suitable GSM’s operator, and all these factors have positive and negative interactions with each other; in this regard, we apply an appropriate multi-criteria decision- making method. Due to the interdependency between these criteria, we use Analytic Network Process (ANP) that generalizes Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP) by considering the interdependencies among factors. The results of this method illustrate that customer satisfaction and word of Mouth are the most important factors in selecting GSM’s operators in Iran. The proposed structure provides valuable insight into the process of GSM’s operator selection for GSM managers and practitioners. It can be applied as a practical assessment tool providing an evaluation of GSM operator’s market share and identifies areas of weakness that negatively affect success in market share.

A typical speech recognition system is push button operated (Push-to-talk), which requires hand movement and hence mixed multi-modal interface. However, for disabled patients and those who use hands-busy applications (e.g., where the user has objects to manipulate or device to control while asking for assistance from another device) movement may be restricted or impossible. One alternative is to use Speech Only Interface. The method that is being proposed is called Wake-Up-Word Speech Recognition (WUW-SR). A WUW-SR system would allow the user to operate (activate) many systems (Cell phone, Computer, Elevator, etc.) with speech commands instead of hand movements. This paper introduces a new front-end paradigm of the Wake-Up-Word Speech Recognition. The state of the art WUW-SR system is based on three different sets of features: (1) Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), (2) Linear Predictive Coding Coefficients (LPC), and (3) Enhanced Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (ENH_MFCC), these features are decoded with corresponding Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) in the back-end stage of the WUWSR. We present an experimental FPGA design and implementation of a novel architecture of a real time feature extraction processor that generates MFCC, LPC, and ENH_MFCC features simultaneously. In the WUW-SR system, the recognizer front-end is located at the terminal which is typically connected over a data network to remote back-end recognition (e.g., server). The three sets of feature extraction of speech (MFCC, LPC, and ENH-MFCC) are performed at the front-end. These extracted features are then compressed and transmitted to the server via a dedicated channel, where subsequently they are decoded. Our front-end can be added to any hand-held electronic device compatible with WUW-SR and command (activate) it by using our voice only (no push to talk as is presently done). Our front-end is designed, simulated and implemented in Altera DSP development kit with Cyclone III FPGA as a portable system acting as a processor that is capable of computing three different sets of features at a much faster rate than software. It is cost effective, consumes very little power, and it is not limited by having to operate on a general-purpose computer so it can be used on any portable device.

The nodes being used in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) pose particular challenge to communicate with one another using TCP/IP especially when considering security applications. This paper investigates the limitations of current TCP/IP structure and an integration using micro IP (μIP) and proposes an enhanced security technique for WSN nodes to solve issues arising from the node congestion due to data distribution of keys with a better method for securing the data in the network. The summation of this method involves the integration of μIP stack to key management scheme, allowing the network to have extra security in the transmission and reception of data, and can be applied in hazardous areas where the sensor nodes are used without complications