வணிகம் மற்றும் பொருளாதார இதழ்

Corporate governance and business has become the focus for the 21st century. Corporate governance is about the way power is exercised over corporate entities. Business will ensure that the way companies are governed ethical dimensions and power is exercised over them. In other words, business ethics is inherently part of corporate governance. It is not an optional exercise in corporate citizenship. In today’s environment stakeholders have high expectations that companies should be run in accordance with good corporate governance practices. As a practical matter, many companies recognise that to encourage positive behaviours and repeat business with their customers, they need to undertake their business in the right way. Companies therefore draw up their values, embed them with their employees, and monitor that they do business according to them, knowing they will be held to account if they do not. The values espoused include for example integrity, honesty and openness. However not all companies do this. The questions of what is the “right way to run a business” are inherent in all aspects within corporate governance which will include an ethical focus. Corporate governance lies at the very heart of the way businesses are run. The extent to which business decisions reflect values and principles is a key to long term success. The article focuses on various dimensions and obligations and ultimately looks at different elements and stages in relationship to various practices. A focus of Friedman’s theory is also provided and ultimately the characteristics of the King Report on Corporate Governance is reflected and discussed.

Apart from the traditional literature on trade policy, this paper establishes a trade model that includes the home country’s domestic tax system. In the case where the home country manufacturers’ cost structures are heterogeneous, we make several important discoveries. First of all, the home country government can upgrade the home country industry’s allocative production efficiency by strategically distorting the tax system, and thereby achieve the objective of enhancing the home country’s social welfare. Secondly, as long as the market demand curve is not too concave, or the coefficient of variation of the home country manufacturers’ costs is sufficiently low, the tax policy and the export tax trade policy will be substitutes for each other, in the sense that if the corporate tax system is introduced, the optimal export tax rate (subsidy rate) will be reduced (increased). Finally, when the market inverse demand function is convex (linear, concave), the market equilibrium price will decrease (remain constant, increase), after the tax system is introduced.

This paper discusses a central issue about the recent slow recovery. Why did enormous, unprecedented monetary stimulus have such a small response? The Fed made three major errors. It failed to recognize that the principal economic problems were real, not monetary. It focused excessively on short-term data, and failed to develop a useful strategy. And it ignored changes in money and credit, The Obama administration caused the principal real problems by imposing costly regulation, and an approach to business that the Economist called “The Criminalization of American Business.”

This research deliberately searches the present scenario of renewable and non-renewable resources in Bangladesh and also focuses on their effective management. Therefore, the research is unique in terms of focusing the present scenario of natural resources and the research highlights the present conditions of natural resources. Most of the study and research on NRs focus on superficial problems, poverty, gender, and scientific measure of resource degradation. This research gives special attention to find the present scenario and to find the actors who are responsible for NRs management. There are considerable opportunities of Bangladesh to boost the economic growth through renewable and nonrenewable resource. With the help of these resources Bangladesh can generate electricity and can meet the required demand in the future. Therefore, the Government and the Private sector should work hand to hand to emphasize more renewable energy sources to produce electricity to solve our power crisis problem. Renewable energy sources discussed above can help Bangladesh to produce more power in order to reduce Load-shedding problem. Time has come to look forward and work with these renewable energy fields to produce electricity rather than depending wholly on conventional method. In addition, we observed that Bangladesh has a huge amount of natural Gas and other mineral resources. Proper and corruption free management can be able to solve the problem of energy crisis.

In the present corporate world, code of governance plays a major role in assessing a company's strengths and weaknesses. A company which implements a sound corporate code of governance tends to maximize the quality of its assets and enterprise value with respect to its shareholders. Such company also gives the impression of transparency and fairness in dealing to all stakeholders. The study randomly selected and downloaded thirty publicly-listed companies with annual reports in 2012 in the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) to answer the research instruments specially developed for the study. The paper used descriptive-quantitative design. Frequency and percentage method and ANOVA were used to determine the significant difference between the independent and dependent variables. The results revealed that companies’ characteristics have no significant difference and did not influence the level of compliance to corporate governance among the respondents. Nevertheless, most businesses that are publicly-listed have high compliance to the requirements of the Securities of Exchange and Commission (SEC) particularly to the compliance, communication and reportorial processes in order to operate efficiently, to attract potential investors and to disclose information about security risks and associated events to protect the interest of the shareholders.