வேதியியல் அறிவியல் இதழ்

This study used the elevated plus-maze model (EPM) and light dark model to examine the anxiolytic effects of aqueous extract of Cucurbita maxima seeds (AECM) in mice (LDM). The extract was given orally in two doses of 100 mg/kg (low dose) and 200 mg/kg (high dose) and it was evaluated for the quantity of participants and the length of time spent in the open and closed arms of the EPM. the quantity of entries and the amount of time spent in light and dark. The impact of this was contrasted with that of the common medication diazepam (1.0 mg/kg i.p.). In this study, mice administered with AECM (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) spent more time and made more arm entries in the elevated plus-open maze's arms than control mice did. Mice also spent more time in the lighted side of the light and dark test than control mice did. The results of the current investigation showed that both models of anxiety may be treated with Cucurbita maxima seeds. In our investigation, it was immediately evident that tryptophan is present in Cucurbita maxima seeds and that it reduces anxiety. The results of the current investigation suggest that giving AECM to mice had anxiolytic effects.

By utilising RP-HPLC with UV detection, a straightforward, sensitive, and precise analytical has been established to estimate amphotericin in pharmaceutical effluents that the pharmaceutical industry are discharging into aquatic environments. The devised approach is extremely accurate and sensitive to detect amphotericin at concentrations of less than 0.1ppm-5ppm. For the measurement of Amphotericin in effluents or pharmaceutical industry washouts, a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was created and validated. On a Symmetry C-18 column (250mm 4.6mm i.d., 5.0m), the separation was accomplished using a citrate buffer with a pH of 4.5 as the buffer, and a combination of 400mL buffer and 600mL acetonitrile in isocratic mode as the mobile phase, all at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. A UV detector operating at 383 nm was used for detection. Amphotericin eluted at a retention period of approximately 5.0 min, taking around 12.0 min of total chromatographic analysis time per sample. For accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, and sensitivity, the procedure was validated. Validation tests proved the accuracy, specificity, speed, dependability, and reproducibility of this HPLC method. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for amphotericin were discovered to be 0.0100 g/ml and 0.0500 g/ml, respectively, and the method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines. Linearity was observed for amphotericin in the concentration range of 0.05-10 g/mL (R²>0.95). It was discovered that the RSD for intra-day and inter-day precision was less than 5%. The approach is straightforward, definite, exact, and accurate for determining amphotericin in pharmaceutical industry washouts, and the percentage recovery was in good agreement.

The physicochemical properties of cattle drinking water samples collected from Falfal, Degehabur, and Bulale districts in Ethiopia's Somali regional state were examined in this study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties of cattle drinking ponds. The outcomes were the pH, temperature, and average concentrations of the ions calcium, magnesium, and chloride. The average chemical and biological oxygen demands were also recorded. The gathered information was further contrasted with local, national, and worldwide criteria to determine the calibre of cattle drinking water. As a consequence, the measured pH met the standards established by the World Health Organization and the Ethiopian Standards Agency. The World Health Organization and the Ethiopian Standards Agency both set higher standards for temperature, total hardness, and chloride ion content. The concentrations of total dissolved solids, Mg²⁺, and Ca²⁺ all met the requirements established by the Ethiopian Standards Agency and the World Health Organization. The requirements for Chemical Oxygen Demand and Biological Oxygen Demand were not available to either the World Health Organization or the Ethiopian Requirements Agency.

Natural food dyes are regarded throughout history as the best method for producing food goods. Due to health concerns, consumers also favour meals that utilise fewer chemicals and artificial ingredients and pay greater attention to natural goods that employ antimicrobial and antibacterial alternatives. Studies on the use of food colours derived from herbal sources, which have strong antioxidant properties and extend the shelf life of food products in a variety of ways while being safe for human consumption, are growing daily. Routine, epicatechin and caffeic acid are just a few of the highly bioactive phenolic compounds found in beetroot that are also regarded as superior antioxidants. The leafy plant known as spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is indigenous to western and central Asia. Antioxidant molecules are particularly prevalent in beetroot. The red cabbage, also known as Blaukraut after arrangement, is a kind of cabbage with purple-leaved assortments of the Brassica oleracea Capitata Group. Compared to artificial dyes, the use of natural food dyes as food colouring agents is far safer for human consumption. The goal of the current research is to examine the antibacterial, antioxidant and phytochemical activities of natural colours derived from red cabbage, spinach and beetroot. Water and ethanol are the analysis's chosen solvents. Additionally, natural food dyes were used to dye rice and noodles. A phytochemical investigation was done to see whether there were any antioxidants in the dyes.

The early development of synthetic polymers in the 1830s is still clearly visible today in the infinite numbers of basic differences that have resulted in the key elements of products that now meet the demands of contemporary society. because they are very important in a variety of domains, including biology, chemistry and medicine. It is possible to create hyper cross-linked polymers with a large surface area, modified pore size and modest dye-exclusion-friendly circumstances. Hyper cross-linked polymers are widely used for carbon dioxide capture, dye exclusion and metal removal. As parting from the xylene and formaldehyde dimethyl acetal with different concentration yields highly porous polymers which estimated the separation and storage for the adsorption of carbon dioxide and methane, hyper cross-linked polymer is constructed with high surface area and microprousity that is suitable for the methane and carbon dioxide even at low temperature and pressure. This polymer exhibits a number of fundamental qualities, including biodegradability, regeneration, separation effectiveness and high adsorbent capacity. To analyse the vibrational energy levels of molecules, researchers employ the FTIR technique. Because every atom in a molecule or functional group has a different vibration, they can absorb IR light at a range of wavelengths.

All the compounds (CH-69 to CH-84) were evaluated for their cytostatic activity against human HeLa cervix carcinoma cells, human CEM CD4þ T-lymphocytes as well as murine L1210 cells. All assays were performed in 96 well microtiter plates. To each well were added (5-7.5) × 10⁴ tumor cells and a given amount of the test compound. The cells were allowed to proliferate for 48 h (murine leukemia L1210 cells) or 72 h (human lymphocytic CEM and human cervix carcinoma HeLa cells) at 37^°C in a humidified CO₂ controlled atmosphere. At the end of the incubation period, the cells were counted in a coulter counter. The IC₅₀ (50% inhibitory concentration) was defined as the concentration of the compound that inhibited cell proliferation by 50%. The cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of a new series of 2-arylimidazo[2,1-b] [1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one against different MDCK cell cultures, HeLa cell cultures, vero cell cultures, CRFK cell cultures is reported. Among the tested compounds, inhibitory effects of compounds (CH-69 to CH-84) on the proliferation of murine leukemia cells (L1210) and human T-lymphocyte cells (CEM) and human cervix carcinoma cells (HeLa).