அறுவைசிகிச்சை நோயியல் மற்றும் நோயறிதலின் இதழ்

Atypical ductal hyperplasia and lobular neoplasia are two types of proliferative breast lesions that are considered to be precursors to breast cancer. ADH is characterized by abnormal proliferation of cells within breast ducts, exhibiting architectural and cytological features that are concerning for malignancy but fall short of meeting criteria for carcinoma. LN, on the other hand, involves abnormal cell growth within lobules, often presenting with distinctive histological patterns. Both ADH and LN are associated with an increased risk of subsequent development of invasive breast carcinoma. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of ADH and LN, focusing on their histopathological features, clinical significance, risk factors, and management strategies. Diagnostic challenges and controversies surrounding these lesions will also be discussed, along with recent advancements in molecular profiling techniques that offer insights into their biological behavior and potential for progression to invasive disease.

Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) has undergone significant evolution since its inception, revolutionizing the approach to spinal fusion surgery. This article explores the historical development, advancements in techniques, surgical considerations, clinical outcomes, and future prospects of LLIF. From its early stages to modern innovations, LLIF has emerged as a versatile and effective procedure for addressing various spinal pathologies. Understanding its evolution is crucial for surgeons, researchers, and healthcare providers to optimize patient care and outcomes. Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) has transformed the landscape of spinal fusion surgery, offering an alternative approach to traditional posterior and anterior methods. Since its introduction, LLIF has undergone significant evolution in techniques, instrumentation, and clinical outcomes. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of LLIF, from its historical roots to contemporary advancements, addressing its surgical principles, indications, complications, and future directions.

Posterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (PLK), including Descemet's stripping automated endothelial Keratoplasty and Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK), has revolutionized the treatment of corneal endothelial diseases. Despite its high success rates, graft detachment remains a significant complication, affecting visual outcomes and necessitating re-grafting in some cases. This article delves into the donor characteristics associated with graft detachment after PLK, exploring various factors such as donor age, endothelial cell density, graft preparation techniques, and surgical expertise. Understanding these factors is crucial for optimizing graft selection and surgical outcomes in PLK procedures. Posterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (PLK) has emerged as the standard of care for treating corneal endothelial disorders. While the technique offers numerous advantages over traditional penetrating keratoplasty, graft detachment remains a challenging complication that affects visual outcomes and graft survival. Graft detachment occurs due to various factors, including donor characteristics. This article aims to review the literature on donor characteristics influencing graft detachment after PLK, providing insights into optimizing donor selection and surgical techniques.

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, including neurosurgical practice. This article examines the impact of the pandemic on everyday neurosurgical practice in Alsace, France, exploring lessons learned, current perspectives, and future challenges. Through a comprehensive review of relevant literature and insights from neurosurgeons on the frontline, we elucidate the adaptations made in patient care, surgical protocols, and healthcare infrastructure. Additionally, we discuss the psychological effects on healthcare professionals and the importance of resilience in navigating through these uncertain times. Understanding the experiences and strategies employed in Alsace can provide valuable insights for neurosurgical communities globally as they continue to confront the evolving challenges posed by the pandemic. Investments in telemedicine infrastructure and digital health technologies present opportunities to enhance the efficiency and accessibility of neurosurgical services in Alsace. Leveraging telemedicine for preoperative assessments, postoperative follow-ups, and patient education can optimize resource utilization and improve patient outcomes in the long term.