கணக்கியல் & சந்தைப்படுத்தல்

Using survey data covering 200 poor households collected between these studies aimed to investigate the role of social security in the fight against. We analyzed the responses behaviours and strategies employed by poor households in response to various forms of risk in depth using questionnaire data. Health, education, housing and income is just a few of the many areas in which social security has an impact. To find out how social security programs affect how families respond to economic shocks, we used a method that looked at both full and partial risk-sharing. According to the estimation results of various models, households that are covered by social security may be able to select less expensive strategies for coping with risks. However, because covered households had less faith in its services and used self-insurance or income smoothing strategies, the role of social security remains inadequate. Overall, the findings demonstrated that social security plays a significant role but that it is still insufficient, particularly for households that are not covered by social security and face high health care costs.

Changes in the consumption price of aquatic products will affect demand and fishermen’s income. The accurate prediction of consumer price index provides important information regarding the aquatic product market. Based on the non-linear and non-smooth characteristics of fishery product price series, this paper innovatively proposes a fishery product price forecasting model that is based on Variational Modal Decomposition and improved bald eagle search algorithm optimized Long Short Term Memory Network (VMD-IBES-LSTM). Empirical analysis was conducted using fish price data from the Department of Marketing and Informatization of the Ministry of Agriculture. The proposed model in this study was subsequently compared with common forecasting models such as VMD-LSTM and SSA-LSTM.

This paper emphasizes the importance of the cross-effect of investment in R and D activities, the independence of the board of directors and the presence of institutional investors on the quality of accounting information and more specifically on the quality of discretionary accruals in a broadly diversified context. To empirically verify this subject, we carry out an empirical investigation for a sample composed of 98 French companies listed on the SBF during the period 2009-2015. First, this analysis provides empirical results of the impact of board independence, institutional shareholders and R and D investment on the quality of discretionary accruals for the full sample. We prove that the intensity of R and D investment has a positive and significant effect on earnings management according to both models. In addition, the empirical results also show that according to the two models the independence of the board of directors has a negative and statically significant effect on the quality of the accruals whereas according to the model of Shahrur, et al., the effect negative impact of institutional investors on the quality of accruals is statistically insignificant. Second, in this article we examine the cross effect of governance variables and the intensity of investment in R and D activities on the quality of discretionary accruals. This analysis suggests that the interaction of board independence and R and D investment on the quality of accruals has a negative and significant effect on earnings management determined by the model of Kothari but that it has no significant effect on earnings management according to the model of Shahrur, et al. As for the study of the impact of this association according to the model of Shahrur, et al. we find that the effect of this cross-relationship is statistically insignificant associated with the quality of discretionary accruals.

The capital structure decision is at the center of many other decisions in corporate finance. Corporate financial manager is responsible to ensure low cost of capital and to maximize the wealth of shareholders. The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of capital structure decision in commercial banks of Ethiopia for eleven consecutive years (2010-2020) by using explanatory research design and multiple linear regressions. Quantitative research approach was utilized for secondary data analysis which is obtained from the audited financial statements of the sample banks. The study used purposive sampling technique to select eight banks from the total population of 17 commercial banks. The panel data were analysed with a fixed effect regression model. The study used descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and fixed effect multiple regression analysis to present and analyse the collected data. The findings of the study revealed that earnings volatility, profitability, non-debt tax shields, tangibility, and liquidity had the significant effect on capital structure of commercial banks in Ethiopia. But, growth and firm’s size were found to have statistically insignificant effect on the capital structure. Therefore, commercial banks in Ethiopia should pay due attention to earnings volatility, profitability, non-debt tax shields, tangibility, and liquidity while articulating their optimal capital mix which can reduce the weighted average cost of capital and enhance the wealth of the shareholders.