நானோ அறிவியல் இதழ்: தற்போதைய ஆராய்ச்சி

Objectives: Development of a novel method for loading drugs into spherical mesoporous silicate nanoparticles (MSNs), and further modification for the loaded MSNs to produce smart drug delivery system.
Methods: MSNs have been prepared and loaded using rotary evaporation as a novel method for drug loading. The highly loaded MSNs were further modified as a smart drug delivery system designed for endosomal escape, and sustained release of its cargo into the cytosol. MSNs loaded with anti-tuberculosis front line drugs such as isoniazid, pyrazinamide, pyrazonic acid, and ethambutol, in addition to fluorescein, have been coated with polyethyleneimine followed by mannose labeling for selective targeting of macrophage cells, the loading efficiency was compared to the conventional impregnation loading method. The selected drugs exhibit differences size, charge, and polarity. The developed delivery system has been characterized to indicate the surface are, loading efficiency, morphology, and release behavior at different pH.
Results: The loading process is independent of the nature of the drug molecule used and achieves loading efficiencies reaching one order of magnitude higher than those reported for conventional impregnation loading method. Characterization of the modified system indicated unique high surface area as high as 875.8 m²/g, pore size of 3.86 nm, and total pore volume of 1.029 cm³/g. In-vitro release experiments confirmed the pH-controlled release of the cargo molecules from the nanoparticles.
Conclusion: We have concomitantly employed previously reported components such as mesoporous silicate, polyethyleneimine coating and mannose labeling, in addition to a novel encapsulation method combined together to develop a smart drug delivery system making use of the advantages of each component. The developed system may be used as a potential novel drug delivery system for combating tuberculosis and/or alike clinical disorders.

Melanoma is a fatal skin cancer. In this paper, we design a nanobiotechnological approach for the specific depletion of tyrosine that is essential for melanoma growth. We combine two nanobiotechnological methods into a single therapeutic agent in the form of Polylactide (PLA) nanocapsules containing a nanobiotechnological complex of polyhemoglobintyrosinase. Our results show that nanocapsules can enter into the melanoma cells to deplete tyrosine. This leads to the inhibition of tumor growth, migration and colonization in a highly malignant melanoma cell line B16F10. We also analyzed possible mechanisms of action including ROS generation, apoptosis induction and effect on cell cycle.

Objective: There are différents méthode for moving dyes from contaminated environment and textile industries, the gold of this study is using of nano Ilmenite with anti bacterial properties for dye degradation.

Method: The Ilmenite nanoparticles were produced and their catalytic activities were determined by the color change of several dyes. The prepared FeTiO₃ nanoparticles have hexagonal structure with average size of ~21 nm.

Results: The results indicated that although the Ilmenite has catalytic activity for photo-oxidation of dyes but Nano- Ilmenite has higher activity for dye removal. Dye removal by Nano-Ilmenite for Malachite Green, Alkaline Fuchsin and Coomassie Blue were 97% 50% and 100% respectively. Ilmenite removed Alkalin Fusion in lower rate but increased the color of Malachite Green and Coomassie Blue. Although Ilmenite had antibacterial activity but antibacterial activity of Nano-Ilmenite was 50% more.

Conclusion: These data indicate that this Ilmenite soil can be used for remediation of contaminated area.